The Distribution of Ownership in an Apartment Ownership or Condominium Scheme

This is a preprint of an article that appeared in: 2002 Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law, pp. 101-37

Numerus Clausus and the Development of New Real Rights in South Africa

This is a preprint of an article that appeared in: 2002 South African Law Journal 803-15.This paper provides a general background to the development of real rights in South Africa, provides illustrations of the recognition of new real rights within the traditional categories, and suggests how the present problem can be clarified

Modern Application of the Roman Institution of fiducia cum creditore contracta

This is a preprint of a piece that appeared in Letitia Vacca, ed., La Garanzia nella prospettiva storico-comparatisca (Torino, 2003), pp. 327-44.The author illustrates the modern application of the Roman fiducia cum creditore contracta by reference to the South African case of Nedcor Bank Ltd v Absa Bank Ltd 1998 2 SA 830 (W)

Nova Species

There is a companion piece at http://hdl.handle.net/2164/37This article surveys the civilian doctrine of specification

Design and development of a low-voltage DC domestic power supply system

Thesis (Master of Engineering (Electrical)) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2018Much effort is spent in regulating the power quality in alternating current power supplies for electronic devices. Many electronic devices, however, do not use alternating current, but rather direct current. The output of most small scale renewable energy systems are also direct current, so it can be connected to the loads more efficiently by eliminating the inverter stage. In a circuit with a number of rectification stages the conversion losses can add up to a significant amount. By reducing the number of conversion stages or possibly eliminating some of the stages the overall system could be more efficient. The purpose of this dissertation is to present the simulation design and results of a direct current distribution system, containing common household appliances connected to a direct current grid supply and a renewable energy source. A bottom-up design approach is used where a list of household appliances with their voltage needs is identified and the distribution voltage is then selected based on the voltage needs. The distribution system is modelled using Matlab and Simulink software. Results show that common household loads can be supplied directly with direct current, from either a main direct current grid supply, or a renewable energy system with direct current output. This direct current distribution system is compared to two other systems: (1) Existing alternating current system and (2) Hybrid system (converting alternating current to direct current for distribution in the house). The three systems are compared to each other in terms of power efficiency and material cost. The existing alternating current system is shown to be the most efficient, with an average power efficiency of 87.85 %. The second most efficient system is the hybrid system with average power efficiency of 86.95 %, and the least efficient of the three is the direct current distribution system with 86.45 %. The main reason why the direct current system is less efficient is because of the high input power of the microwave oven when connected to a direct current supply. The direct current system is more efficient than the alternating current system if the microwave oven load is taken out of both. Future work will involve more detailed operational and transient state simulations of the loads in the direct current system. Another recommendation is to find a direct current design for supplying the microwave oven load that does not incur large losses. A final recommendation is to build a practical test set-up of the direct current system in order to analyse the practical aspects of a residential direct current distribution system

Wegenot, Eigentumsgarantie und Öffentliches Interesse. Der Notweg in Deutschland und Südafrika

This a preprint of an article that appeared in J. Basedow, U. Drobnig (eds), Aufbruch nach Europa: 75 Jahre Max-Planck-Institut für Privatrecht (Tübingen, 2001), pp. 955-73

An analysis of fundamental concepts in the conceptual framework using ontology technologies

The interpretation of financial data obtained from the accounting process for reporting purposes is regulated by financial accounting standards (FAS). The history and mechanisms used for the development of ʻThe Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting’ (the Conceptual Framework) as well as the financial accounting standards resulted in impressive volumes of material that guides modern financial reporting practices, but unfortunately, as is often the case with textual manuscripts, it contains descriptions that are vague, inconsistent or ambiguous. As part of the on-going initiatives to improve International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) promotes the development of principle-based IFRS, which aim to address the problems of vagueness, inconsistency and ambiguity. This paper reports on the findings of a design science research (DSR) project that, as artefact, developed a first version ontology-based formal language representing the definitions of asset, liability and equity (the fundamental elements of the statement of financial position as defined in the Conceptual Framework) through the application of knowledge representation (ontology) techniques as used within computing. We suggest that this artefact may assist with addressing vagueness, inconsistencies and ambiguities within the definitions of the Conceptual Framework. Based on our findings, we include suggestions for the further development of a formal language and approach to assist the formulation of the Conceptual Framework. The project focuses on the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting after the incorporation of Phase A in the convergence project between the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and IASB.http://www.sajems.org/am201

The Vaccine and Cervical Cancer Screen project 2 (VACCS 2) : linking cervical cancer screening to a two-dose HPV vaccination schedule in the south-west district of Tshwane, Gauteng, South Africa

BACKGROUND : Cervical cancer is a preventable disease with a high prevalence in South Africa (SA), where screening is opportunistic. Primary prevention is now possible through HPV vaccination. In VACCS 1 the feasibility of linking cervical cancer with HPV vaccination was demonstrated. OBJECTIVES : To investigate the feasibility of linking HPV self-testing with a two-dose HPV vaccination schedule and to compare results with VACCS 1. METHODS : The project was conducted in five schools in the South-West District of Tshwane, Gauteng, SA. Leaflet information on cervical cancer and screening was provided, with requests for consent and assent for a two-dose HPV vaccination of schoolgirls. Female caregivers were invited to take part in HPV self-screening. RESULTS : Of 965 girls invited for vaccination, 519 (53.7%) had full consent and 518 (99.8%) received at least one vaccine dose. The invited uptake rate was 53.7% and 495 girls received both doses, giving a completion rate of 95.4% v. 82.6% in VACCS 1. Of 1 135 self-screen kits handed out, 560 (49.3%) were not returned. The mean age (standard deviation) of the 160 women who participated in self-screening was 38.7 (7.7) years. HPV testing was negative in 116 women (72.5%), 15 women (9.4%) tested positive for HPV 16 and/or 18, and 27 (16.9%) were positive for non-16/18 oncogenic HPV. CONCLUSION : Data from the VACCS projects suggest that school-based vaccine programmes can be successfully implemented. A two-dose schedule allowed for higher completion rates. Linking self-collected HPV screening to HPV vaccination is feasible, is a promising and viable screening strategy, and reached the appropriate age group for screening.Cancer Research Initiative of South Africa,South African Medical Research Council and the Cancer Association of South Africa.First for Women Insurance.GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA (117280).http://www.samj.org.zahb201

The Vaccine and Cervical Cancer Screen (VACCS) project : linking cervical cancer screening to HPV vaccination in the South-West District of Tshwane, Gauteng, South Africa

BACKGROUND : Cervical cancer is preventable, but still highly prevalent in South Africa (SA). Screening strategies in the country have been ineffective, and new ways to prevent the disease are needed. OBJECTIVES : To investigate the feasibility of linking cervical cancer screening in adult women to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in schoolgirls. METHODS : Ten primary schools in the South-West District of Tshwane, Gauteng Province, SA, took part in the study. Cervical cancer and HPV vaccine information was provided to schoolgirls and their parents. Consented schoolgirls were vaccinated and their female parents were invited to participate in self-screening. RESULTS : Among 1 654 girls invited for vaccination, the consented and invited uptake rates were 99.4% and 64.0%, respectively. Vaccine completion rates were higher in schools where the vaccination programme was completed in the same calendar year than in those where it was administered over two calendar years. Of 569 adult females invited, 253 (44.5%) returned screen tests; 169 (66.8%) tested negative and 75 (29.6%) positive for any high-risk HPV (hrHPV). There were no differences in level of education, employment status or access to healthcare between women with positive and those with negative screen results. CONCLUSIONS : Implementation of HPV vaccination in a primary school-based programme was successful, with high vaccine uptake and completion rates. Self-screening reached the ideal target group, and it is possible to link cervical cancer screening to the cervical cancer vaccine by giving women the opportunity of self-sampling for hrHPV testing. This is a novel and feasible approach that would require some adaptive strategies.http://www.samj.org.zahb201